Gas-stove



(No Model.) w

L. KETGHUM.

GAS STOVE.

Patented Jan. 22. 1889.

VNrrnn STATES WATENT LANDOT KETCHM, OF SAUGATUOK, CONNECTIOUT.

GS=STOV E.

SPECIFICATION forining' part of Letters Patent No. 396,576, dated January 22, 1889.

Application filed April 10, 1888. Serial No. 270,163. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may con-0877r:

Be it known that I, LANDON KETCHUM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Saugatuck, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Stoves, of which the following' is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved form of gas-stove for all kinds of domestic purposes, but more especially to that class of gasstoves which resemble ordinary coal-stoves in external appearance, the object of the invention, like that for which I have already on the 25th day of November, 1887, filed an application for Letters Patent of the United States, which application is numbered serially 256,042, being to a certain extent to supply a gas-stove which will have, so far as possible, all of the advantages of an ordinary coal-stove, and yet possess none of the disadvantages which are always present in coalstoves, owing to the nature of the fuel which is employed therein. -The principal object of the invention, however, is so to combine and arrange the elements which exist in the ordinary gas-stove with certain new elements that a stove will be produced which will give a maximum amount of heat from a minimum amount of gas, in which the coinbustion of gas will be absolutely perfect, which will be easy and cheap to construct, which will be made up of such a simple arrangement of parts tha't the stove can practically never get out of order or become broken, and in which the arrangement of the parts is such that the heated air will emerge at the extreme base of the stove, thus entering the room or other space to be heated very close to the fioor, which is always the coldest point of the room,) thereby very greatly increasing the efficiency of the stove in heating. This latter effect is prodnced by a novel arrangement of devices, hereinafter described, for controlling the direction of the currents of air heated and for permitting them to emerge from the store at the desired point.

The invention will be best vund erstood by reference to the accoinpan ying sheet of drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of the gas-stove and lighting apparatus; Fig. 2, a sectional elevation of the same on the line .r a: of Fig. 3; and

i Fig. 3 is a horizcnt-al section on a line drawn horizontally through the stove at its center.

out the several views.

In all of the views, A represents the outer shell of the stove, made of Sheet-iron, in the form of a cylinder, of any desired diameter, according to the size of the stove.

A2 represents the bottom or base of the stove, which is a metal casting, made preferably of iron, in the shape shown, to which the shell A is attached in any convenient manner.

The stove is provided with any convenient views, the same being' sec-ured to the base A2 in any manner that will admit of their'being readily removed when it is desired to take `the stove to pieces for packing and shipment. In the views the legs are shown as made in one piece with the horizontal girders (L3 (L3, which are provided with turned-up fianges at their extremities, and are bolted to the base A2 by the bolts a? a, as shown in Fig. 2.

The top of the stove is formed of a circular casting, G, Figs. 1 and 2, which fitsclosely over the top of the shell A, and in practice is attached thereto in the same manner as the latter is attached to the base A2. A movable cover, C', preferably of conical shape, surmounts the casting O, and is provided with a knob or equivalent device, C2, for lifting and removing the same. The cover C' contains any convenient number of openings, o' O', in its conical walls, which are closed from within or without by a rotating or sliding damper, C4, containing any number of suitable openings for closing or diminishing the size of the openings 0' o' from time to time, as may be necessary. Any other form of damper may be used that will permit of the openings in the top of the stove being opened or closed at pleasure, and any other form of top may be used that will permit of adj ustable openings therein for allowing the escape of the heated gases.

The gas-stovc is provided in. its interior with a hollow Sheet-metal shell, A', cylindrithe exterior shell, A, as shown in Fig. 2, so that there will be a space of one or more inches between the two shells A and A'.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughnumber of metallic legs, A3, shown in the' cal in form and of slightly less diameter thanv ICO burner B.

The inner shell, A' extends downward to the extreme base of the store, and, as a matter of convenience and solidity, may be made to rest directly upon the horizontal girders da (L3, as shown in Fig. 2. The shell A' extends upward to the top of the store, a slight space being' left between it and the npper casting, (i, to admit of the passage of the heated gases around and orer it. The space at the base of the shells A and A' is securely closed, as shown in Fig. 2, by means of a (fircular ring of sheet metal, A1, which is shown cut by the plane of section, that will completely cut off all access to the space betreen the shells A and A' at the bottom. The inner space within the cylinder A' is open at the bottom, so that air can pass up freely .into the interior, C, of the cylinder A' and supply the The enter shell, A, is provided at its extreme base with a series of openings, 0 o, &c., as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. These openings are all of the same size and are placed, preferably, on the same line or in series of horizontal lines, and they scrve to permit the escape of the heated gases from the store into the space to be heated. In the views two series of horizontal openin are shown.

The burner which is used is substantially the same as 'that shown and described in the aforesaid application for Letters Patentheretofore filed, and is shown in detail in Figs. 9 and 3.

B represents the burner as a whole, 'which has the general appearance of an ordinary gridiron. It is prorided with a central. gassupply pipe, l'', with the interior passage, B2, 'which passes through its entire length, and from which a series of horizontal and parallel pipes, Z), emerge, which rary in length according to the curvature of the shell A'. These pipes contain any desired number of openings7 (f, on their upper surface, through which the emerges and at which point it is i gnited and burns. The burner I' is supported in the interior of the store in the manner described in the aforesaid previously-filed application, or in any other conrenient manner.

The gas is supplied to the store by an arrangement of devices, L, similar to that shown and described in said application and shown in the present case in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings. In these riews, S represents the supply-pipe, and t the nipple for making the connection from the source of supply. j represcnts the ignition-j et, which is supplied with gas from anv opening in the ralre-spindle. h' is the handle whereby the ralre is opened and theignition-jetrotated in and out of the store. t? is a thumb-piece for actuating a valve in the passage leading to the igni.tion-;et, by turning which the gas can be admitted to or cut off Vfrom the jet. Two sl its or horizontal openings, E and E', are provided in the shells A and A', for the purpose of permitting the passage of the ignition-j et j into the interior of the shell A' and ignitin g the burnerlwhen the handle 71/ is turned.

egasre Ihen the handle h'is inv the position shown in Figs. l. and 3, the gas is admitted to the burner at its full. head; but when the handle h' is turned to the position shown bythe dotted lines in Fig'. 3 the gas will be cut oif from the burner B, but will reman burning at the igniting-jet until cut off by the thumb-lnecc F. 'hen the handle 71,' is turned back to its former position, the gas will be turned on and the i gnition-jetj, passing through the slits E and E', willv approach the burner and ignite the gas. 'When the stove is burning, the ignition-jet remains burning within it, the handle assuming the position shown in Fig. 3.

In view of the foregoing description a detailed description of the method of operation of the store will be ui'inecessary. The direction of the cnrrcnts of air and hot gas is shown in Fi 3. The cold air enters at the center of the store' at the base and passes upward through the burner and. the shell A', where itbecomes thoronghly heated. The damper C' upon the top of the store being closed, the air, when the top of the shell A' .is reached, passes downward through the space between the inner and outer shells and emerges through the openings 0 o, &c., at the base of the store.

It will. be apparent that with a stove and burner of the eharacter of those above described the will be burned at a great many places at the same time, and the number of points at which heat is being given. forth within the store will be rery great. Again, as the burner is of the peculiar gridiron shape shown, the air can enter between the various arms c c, &c., with the greatest ease and pass up to the rarious points of ignition, and by making the inner shell, A' in the form of a hollow cylinder opening to the air at its bottom and into the dome at the top, and unimpeded, except by the presence of the burner, tln'ougho ut its entire length, a powerful draft is created throughout the interior of the store, thus insuring a great amount of heating-surface and perfect combustion of the gas. The damper in the top of the store serves to regulate the amount of hot air which is caused to pass out at the base of the store, and the inner shell serres to regulate the eurrents of hot air and increase the amount of heating-sin'face. t

"hen 'it is desi red to heat any ressel, &c.,

on the store, the conical. cover C' may be remored and an ordinary fiat cover used in its place, either with or without air-openings or damper.

I elaim as my inrention- 1. In a gas-store, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore setforth, of an outer hollow shell. or cylinder surmounted by a closed top having an adjustable opening therein and provided with one or more openings at or near the bottom of the same for the escape of gas, an inner hollow shell or cylinder within the said outer shell open. at both top and bottom and unobstructed throughout its entire length except by the burner, so as to permit IOO IIO

IZO

a free escape of the hot air and gas, means, substantially as described, for closing' the space between the two s11e11s atthe bottom, and a gas-bnrner in the 11o11ow interior of the inner shell at or near the base of the same.

2. In a gas-stove, the combination, substantia11y as hereinbefore set fOrth, of an outer 1101- low she11 or ey1inder closed at the top and provided with one or more openings at or near the bottom of the same for the escape of the hot gases, an interior ho11owshe11 or ey1inder within the said enter she11 open at both top and bottom and nnobstrueted thronghontits entire length exeept by the bnrner, so as to permit of the free escape ot' hot air and gas, means, substantiahy as desoribed, for e1osing` the space between the two she11s at the bottom, and a gas-bnrner in the ho11owinte1'ior of the inner she11 at or near the base of the same.

3. In a gas-stove, the combination, as hereinbefore set forth, of an enter she11 01' ey1inder closed at the top, provided with one or more openings at 01' near the bottom of the same, an inner hollow she11 or cylinder within said onter shell open at both top and bottom and nnobstrneted throughont its entire length except by the burner, so as to permit of free escape of hot air and gas, means, substantially as deseribed, for eiosing` the space between the two she11s at the bottom, and the gas-bnrner in the ho11ow int-erior of said she11 at or near the base of the same, eomposed of a series of horizontai and para11e1 gas-supply pipes having openings orpjets on their upper surfaees for the bnrning of the gas, said pipes being' connected with the central gas-supply pipes.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 5th 'day of 40 April, A. D. 1888.

LANDON KETCHUM.

Titiiesses:

WINs'roN H. HAGEN, WILLARD PARKER BUTLER. 

